Many buyers tend to make assumptions that are seldom valid in China, and it can be quite dangerous. When I started spending a lot of time in Chinese factories, what I saw blew my mind. A foreign buyer simply can’t imagine what is sometimes going on behind the scenes. I'll say that China is the land where everything is possible... from the worst to the best. I wrote 21 common assumptions below, in categories, along with my comments. … [Read more...]
How Much Does a Quality Inspection in China cost?
Understanding the cost of quality inspections in China I am always surprised by the expectations of some importers regarding the cost of quality inspections in a Chinese factory. Some importers get to talk about their project for some time, see where we would help them, and finally (almost as an afterthought) ask: "How much does a quality inspection in China cost?" The 2 categories of buyers when it comes to quality inspection costs I say "299 USD per day of work", and I can nearly hear … [Read more...]
When To Do a Random AQL Inspection vs. Check 100% of the Goods
First, let me get one thing out of the way: not all batches need to be checked. If a manufacturer has great systems and processes, and if they have a history of complying with your quality standard, there is usually no reason to send quality inspectors to their facility. Similarly, if you can easily return the whole batch and it can be reworked quickly, you probably don't want to spend resources on checking whether they did as promised. Now, let's assume you do want confirmation of … [Read more...]
QC Basics: What is a Quality Inspection? Context, Tools & Template
This article answers the question: 'What is a quality inspection?' and explores when they typically take place (before, during, and after production). We will cover the types of inspections most widely used by buyers in international trade. They should be performed by 3rd party QC providers (appointed by the buyer), or by the buyer's own inspectors, if you buy from China, Vietnam, India, or another low-cost country. … [Read more...]
3 Common Ways Factories Try to Cheat Inspectors/Auditors
Every day in China, in Vietnam, in Bangladesh, and in India, thousands of inspectors and auditors take a bus or a car to a factory. And, in some of those factories, managers are plotting how to cheat those unwelcome visitors. Let's look at 3 very common ways this is done, so you are warned and ready to avoid unscrupulous suppliers like this... … [Read more...]
Some Problems Can’t Be Detected During Apparel QC Inspections
A few years ago, I wrote about the limits of random quality inspections. My focus in that article was on the random elements, on human mistakes, and on the tricks that manufacturers can play. Today I'd like to write about issues that simply can't be detected during inspections, even if 100% of the goods are checked and inspectors do a perfect job. I will write about a product line that I know well: apparel. … [Read more...]
The Different Types Of Sampling Plans For QC Inspections
1. What is a sampling plan? A sampling plan allows an auditor or a researcher to study a group (e.g. a batch of products, a segment of the population) by observing only a part of that group, and to reach conclusions with a pre-defined level of certainty. In this article I cover these cases in depth (hit the links below to skip to the relevant section): The buyer wants to follow the most common plan to inspect a supplier's batch of products The manufacturer implements a continuous … [Read more...]
Solving a Quality Problem Seldom Necessitates High-Tech Engineering
In many companies, and in particular in many Chinese companies, the response to problems is often "let's invest in technology". Unfortunately, spending a lot of resources on engineering is seldom the best solution. I just read a great story that illustrates this. A toothpaste manufacturer had a regular quality issue that was generating bad publicity: some boxes didn't contain a tube of toothpaste. It was due to the way the production lines were set up. They spent 8 million dollars on a … [Read more...]
Managing QC Inspectors, Part 8: QC vs. QA
This is the eighth part in the series about the management of QC inspectors in China. Different companies give different job descriptions to their inspectors. I don't think there are "best practices" here, but this is an important topic and I want to cover it. The primary role of a QC inspector Inspectors should collect and report information. They should not take decisions, in order to reduce risks of bribery. Similarly, they should not try to solve the problem with the factory. The … [Read more...]
Managing QC Inspectors, Part 7: The Quality Manager in China
This is the seventh part in the series I am writing about the management of QC inspectors in China. Many companies in China have difficulties finding the right quality manager. In particular, it is difficult to find an individual who will simultaneously: Run the day-to-day operations of the quality department and repeat the same principles to his staff and to suppliers 10 times a day -- and keep doing this for years; Be a change agent and guide his/her team to work in a different way (from … [Read more...]